Cervical Ulcers

Cervicitis, known as an ulcer of the uterus or a wound on the cervix, is one of the most common gynecological problems encountered by gynecologists. Diseases of this area, which is frequently exposed to infections as well as childbirth and non-obstetric trauma, and the cancers arising from it, are important and can also give rise to a number of speculative situations.

What Causes Cervical Ulcers?

• The exact cause of ulcers forming on the cervix is not fully known, but infections are the most common cause.
• Frequent sexual intercourse.
• Hormonal changes.
• Certain chemical factors (chemicals found on condoms)

How Is a Cervical Ulcer Diagnosed?

They are mostly detected during a gynecological examination. However, certain tests must be performed to confirm the diagnosis. The methods used to make a diagnosis are:

• Biopsy;

This is the procedure of taking samples from the ulcers under local anesthesia. It is of great importance in establishing a definitive diagnosis. If ulcers are observed in more than one area, samples are taken from all suspicious areas. The biopsy report is available at the latest one week later.

• Colposcopy;

It is important both for identifying the areas to be biopsied and for detecting other diseases, if present. It is based on the procedure of cleaning and staining the inside of the cervix before biopsy and examining it under light. The staining of the cervix and the uptake of the stain by the tissues determine the area to be biopsied. In addition, it is determined whether there is abnormal vascularization in the blood vessels of the cervix.

• Smear;

Confirmation of the diagnosis with a smear test is essential before any treatment is applied. The smear test is a very short and simple, but very important, test that causes no pain or discomfort and should be performed once every 2 years by women even if they have no complaints. During a gynecological examination, without the need for any anesthesia method, a sample is taken from the uterine wall with a thin cannula and sent for laboratory examination. In this way, it enables the detection of cervical ulcers and precursor lesions of cervical cancer.

What Are the Symptoms of a Cervical Ulcer?

• It is very difficult to recognize without colposcopic observation.
• In many women, it presents as persistent, odorless and non-itchy heavy discharge caused by the ulcer.
• If the ulcer is large, bleeding or bleeding after intercourse is observed.

What Are the Treatment Methods for Cervical Ulcers?

All of the procedures used in the treatment of cervical ulcers are painless, and the person can return to social life immediately after treatment. Treatment methods are:

• Laser,
• Burning of the area with electrocautery,
• Freezing with cryotherapy.